ATM Skimmers Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ATM Skimmers - Article Example The device is used for reading the magnetic strip of the ATM card; when the user passes the ATM card through the slot, unknowingly. These devices are usually used together with a miniature camera; that is attached to the ATM, and is used for reading the pin of the user. Another ATM skimming technique entails the criminals using a keypad overlay, which is similar to the legitimate ATM keypad, below it. When the customer operates the ATM machine, the fake keypad overlay is pressed, and the fake keypad records and wirelessly transmits key log details of the entered PIN. The device or devices illegally installed on the ATM are also referred to as skimmer (Hassibi, 2010). Recently installed ATMs have a picture of the genuine slot and keypad. This will effectively enable the consumers to detect attached foreign devices. The consumers should report detection of foreign devices attached on ATM to law enforcement officers or the financial services provider. Financial regulators must strive to minimize ATM skimming, so as to minimize financial losses and legal suits by affected consumers. This can be done through applying sophisticated algorithms to study the patterns of fraud. Financial services providers must also ensure the physical and technological security of their ATM

Translation and culture history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Translation and culture history - Essay Example This experience had one distinct lesson, in order for one to understand a culture, they have to look at the history of that culture to fully understand and appreciate the customs of the given culture that makes it unique from the rest. The course explored the adventures of Christopher Columbus that led to the discovery of America. This goes through the interaction of the settlers and the native Indians, and how these interactions led to the massacre of the native tribes. It goes further to depict the roots of slavery and slave trade that was perpetrated by sending scores of criminals and minor religions to the New World. This serves to prove that by studying and researching the history of a people’s culture, one can develop an understanding of the development of their language. By learning the different idioms, we were able to connect these idioms to the values embedded within the foundation of the culture. This course was essential in helping me develop a broader perspective of different cultures. By understanding the fundamental values of different cultures, I have been able to appreciate each culture as unique to itself. By appreciating these different cultures, I have developed a deeper understanding of relating and communicating with different

Book and Movie 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book and Movie 2 - Essay Example about the pneumonic plague would trigger irrational fear and force those infected into hiding whereby, they would go on long vacations further spreading the disease (Kazan). Tony Hillerman’s â€Å"The First Eagle†, concurs with Elia’s representation of communicable diseases; however, his focus is on â€Å"Black death† (contracting the pneumonic plague from exposure to infected dead tissue). Communicable diseases are highly contagious, which necessitates timely and adequate containment before an outbreak that indiscriminately attacks the population (CDC). Discussed below is transmission, shift in vector location, and pollution spread of the bacterium that causes the pneumonic plague as portrayed in Elia Kazan’s film and Hillerman’s novel. Kazan’s movie reveals that some pathogens remain active in dead tissues (corpses), which have not undergone proper sanitization procedures aimed at suppressing the pathogens viability or infectious nature. The pneumonic plague, which represents the disease featured in the movie is one such example. Research by the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies Yersinia pestis as the bacterium responsible for causing the pneumonic plague. The disease attacks the respiratory system aggressively. Transmission of the disease occurs either from human to human or from animals to humans. Transmission through the former (primary transmission) occurs when a non-infected person inhales air exhaled by an infected person or when a non-infected person is exposed to infected dead tissue. Conversely, animal to human transmission occurs when a non-infected individual eats an infected animal or is exposed to fleas on the infected animal; for example, a 2006 World Health Organizat ion (WHO) study revealed that pneumonic plague infection in Northwest China resulted from human contact with fleas from infected animals during hunting expeditions (CDC). â€Å"Black Death†, is the name given to transmission of the pneumonic plague

ATM Skimmers Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ATM Skimmers - Article Example The device is used for reading the magnetic strip of the ATM card; when the user passes the ATM card through the slot, unknowingly. These devices are usually used together with a miniature camera; that is attached to the ATM, and is used for reading the pin of the user. Another ATM skimming technique entails the criminals using a keypad overlay, which is similar to the legitimate ATM keypad, below it. When the customer operates the ATM machine, the fake keypad overlay is pressed, and the fake keypad records and wirelessly transmits key log details of the entered PIN. The device or devices illegally installed on the ATM are also referred to as skimmer (Hassibi, 2010). Recently installed ATMs have a picture of the genuine slot and keypad. This will effectively enable the consumers to detect attached foreign devices. The consumers should report detection of foreign devices attached on ATM to law enforcement officers or the financial services provider. Financial regulators must strive to minimize ATM skimming, so as to minimize financial losses and legal suits by affected consumers. This can be done through applying sophisticated algorithms to study the patterns of fraud. Financial services providers must also ensure the physical and technological security of their ATM

Book and Movie 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book and Movie 2 - Essay Example about the pneumonic plague would trigger irrational fear and force those infected into hiding whereby, they would go on long vacations further spreading the disease (Kazan). Tony Hillerman’s â€Å"The First Eagle†, concurs with Elia’s representation of communicable diseases; however, his focus is on â€Å"Black death† (contracting the pneumonic plague from exposure to infected dead tissue). Communicable diseases are highly contagious, which necessitates timely and adequate containment before an outbreak that indiscriminately attacks the population (CDC). Discussed below is transmission, shift in vector location, and pollution spread of the bacterium that causes the pneumonic plague as portrayed in Elia Kazan’s film and Hillerman’s novel. Kazan’s movie reveals that some pathogens remain active in dead tissues (corpses), which have not undergone proper sanitization procedures aimed at suppressing the pathogens viability or infectious nature. The pneumonic plague, which represents the disease featured in the movie is one such example. Research by the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies Yersinia pestis as the bacterium responsible for causing the pneumonic plague. The disease attacks the respiratory system aggressively. Transmission of the disease occurs either from human to human or from animals to humans. Transmission through the former (primary transmission) occurs when a non-infected person inhales air exhaled by an infected person or when a non-infected person is exposed to infected dead tissue. Conversely, animal to human transmission occurs when a non-infected individual eats an infected animal or is exposed to fleas on the infected animal; for example, a 2006 World Health Organizat ion (WHO) study revealed that pneumonic plague infection in Northwest China resulted from human contact with fleas from infected animals during hunting expeditions (CDC). â€Å"Black Death†, is the name given to transmission of the pneumonic plague

The British Government Essay Example for Free

The British Government Essay Censorship played a vital role in hiding the negative effects of the war and controlling public opinion. Censorship is hiding or deleting parts of information. Photos, texts, statistics and information were all edited. The government had overtaken the media and carefully selected positive information and sometimes-irrelevant information to mislead civilians and control peoples opinions. Censorship was a strategic military action to mislead the enemy into thinking Britain was winning. The most important factor for censorship was to prevent the enemy from getting too much information. It was used to boost civilians morale because if they knew the truth, they might riot in the streets, forcing the government to surrender. One of the most significant and successful methods of censorship was the use of the radio. Many people had radios. It broadcasted happy and patriotic songs to keep up the morale. Demoralizing information was censored and statistics were exaggerated to their advantage. A good example of the need for censorship is the Bethnal Green Tube station incident where 173 people suffocated because a woman fell over. They censored information similar to this because they didnt want people to stop using shelters and people dying, if they died trying to reach safety, they might feel nowhere is safe and it would lower morale. If it wasnt censored, the Germans would exaggerate it to be a huge victory and the British would assume they were losing. The government blamed it on the bombing reassured people that it was safe. Censorship didnt quite boost morale but it definitely kept it from going down, propaganda was used mainly for boosting morale. Propaganda is information that is spread to promote a cause. The most important reason for propaganda was to boost morale in times of hardship. Also, it was used so people would contribute to the war effort. Even though sometimes the items werent used, but it made people feel as though they had done their bit. It was used to pressure parents to send their children away to the countryside. Most propaganda was positive and mostly funny also, to keep spirits high and to show the enemy they were surviving. It was also funny because it was uplifting and not to frighten people. Some propaganda used fear to make people do what the government wanted such as recycling. Propaganda was suitable for everyone and gave instructions incase of attacks. Another important use of propaganda was to make people obey the governments advice for example building a shelter or a wartime garden. Propaganda was also used to ensure civilians to use resources sparingly so that Britain could be self-sufficient because sailors getting the foreign goods were often at risk. Propaganda was shown in many ways such as films, the radio and posters, which were everywhere. The most significant and successful method of propaganda was posters because they were everywhere and it promoted safety precautions. They were designed to have catchy phrases and made people laugh, this would make them remember the message within the poster. Propaganda also promoted unity so that people wouldnt turn on each other. Normal life was also promoted so people didnt panic and cause riots. The duty of women was emphasized because they were important in keeping the family together. Stories were invented and victories of the R. A. F were exaggerated to again, boost morale. Statistics were also exaggerated, perhaps in an attempt to trick the enemy into believing they were losing.

Gender Differences in Emotional Responses to Clothing

Gender Differences in Emotional Responses to Clothing Contents (Jump to) Abstract Introduction Method Participants Procedure Chapter 1: Exposed skin 1.1 Specific body parts 1.1.1 Upper front body (neck, shoulder and chest) a) Results b) Discussion 1.1.2 Back a) Results b) Discussion 1.1.3 Leg a) Results b) Discussion 1.2 How short is too short? 1.2.1 Background information 1.2.2 Results Chapter 2: Color 2.1 Colors with sexual implications 2.1.1 Heu 2.1.2 Saturation 2.1.3 Brightness 2.1.4 Discussion 2.2 Colors that show weak character 2.2.1 Heu 2.2.2 Saturation 2.2.3 Brightness 2.2.4 Discussion Chapter 3: Dressing style 3.1 Loose and tight 3.1.1 Background information 3.1.2 Results 3.2 Uniforms 3.2.1 Uniforms that promote men’s interest 3.2.2 Uniforms that decrease men’s interest 3.2.3 Discussion of the reason of the â€Å"uniform phenomenon† Conclusion Bibliography Abstract Since scantily cladding is sometimes believed to be the cause to sexual harassment, it is necessary to find out whether they are related, and if so, how they are related. When discussing the relationship between scantily cladding and sexual harassment, the key element is the emotional response that clothing sends out from women to men. This study set an experiment to find out how different aspects including exposed skin, color, and style of women clothing can effect young adult men’s emotion, then analyzed the experiment result in psychological and social sectors. The result of the experiment indicates a strong relationship between the men’s emotion and certain clothing style. It was found that men are more attracted to exposed upper front body, relatively short dress, warm color, tight clothes and traditional female profession uniforms. It was also found that women who wear low saturation color clothes are thought to be weak and can be teased without worrying about revenge, thus put themselves in danger. The research of the relationship between color and human psychology explains the men’s romance preference in warm color, especially red is based on animal instinct. The study also analyzed the uniform appreciation in the â€Å"observational learning† theory. The study confirmed that the women’s clothing can be the cause of men’s sexualarousal, and may also be negative stimulus to men’s moral sense. These findings provide a base for further research on relationship between scantily cladding and sexual harassment. Key words: clothing, emotional response, sexual harassment, exposed skin, color Introduction Sexual harassment is the assault behavior with sex suggestions that happened in public or private situation, from one person to the other, including verbal assault, touching, etc. Dressing style is the general idea of elements of clothing, including color, tightness, uniforms etc. The former research has tried to relate the men’s behavior with the women’s clothing style, but all of them failed to define â€Å"sexy look† or compare the looks of women. One detailed research has related the red and men’s sexual arousal but did not explain the reason of that phenomenon. Method Participants The participants are the healthy male adults in Tianjin University, ranging in age from 18 to 28, who is considered to be able to receive the visual signal and give feedback. The experiment randomly interviewed 200 men, among which there are 180 valid questionnaires. Procedure In the experiment, the participants viewed several pictures and were asked to answer a few questions. The pictures were downloaded from the internetà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’especially from shopping website, and then for privacy and accuracy reason, the Photoshop software was used to erase the background and blank the models’ faces of all pictures. Then the pictures were showed to the participants. In the most time, the participants are asked to pick pictures that can conform to questions. The experiment was divided into five parts. In the first part, the three pictures are all of a same model, wearing tight white dresses; the three dresses exposed different part of her body. Then we asked the participants to choose the most attractive one. In the second part, the same model in the pictures wears white dresses that differ in lengths. The lengths of the four dresses in the pictures are thirty centimeters above the knees, ten centimeters above the knees, ten centimeters below the knees and thirty centimeters below the knees. The participants are asked to choose two pictures that they find attractive. In the third part, the photos are processed by Photoshop software to change the color of the girl’s dress. The original color is yellow, then the color of the dress was changed in heu, brightness and saturation, each measurement is a group and has four photos. The participants were asked to choose one photo from each group that they find attractive. Then they are asked to choose one photo from each group that they think the women in the picture is weak, the reason of thinking so was also asked. In the fourth part, the photos are all of a same model wearing different style dresses. The dresses differ in tightness. The participants are asked to choose from two pictures the women they find attractive. In one picture the model wears a lose black dress, in the other picture, the model wears a tight black dress. In the fifth part, the pictures are different uniforms, including police uniform, army uniform, nurse uniform, doctor uniform, cook uniform and stewardess uniform. Participants were asked to choose the uniforms that they find most attractive and least attractive. Chapter 1: Exposed skin 1.1 Specific body parts 1.1.1 Upper front body (neck, shoulder and chest) a)Results More than 50% participants chose the exposed chest as the most attractive photo. b)Discussion The breast, as a secondary sex characteristic of women, has a shape a lot like pygal, and also a symbol of estrogen level. In the ancient times, the human ancestors always use doggy style pose to intercourse. During the intercourse, pygal is the body part men would see. Breasts are the front side version of pygal, which allows the men to evaluate the women’s fertility when they meet. Also, the shape of breasts indicates the women’s age, health condition and nutritional state, which are crucial elements for an ancient man to choose his mate, because the woman’s body condition will affect their descendants. This tendency has been in human’s brain for thousands of years and has been inherited till today. 1.1.2 Back a) Results Less than 10% participants chose the exposed back as the most attractive photo. b) Discussion Back is an important part of human body, but not a key element in mate choosing. Still, Straight spinal column, smooth skin and well structured muscles can tell a man that a woman is in good body situation and can raise children by her own. The health condition is always an important element in mate choosing, so the exposed back is still attractive to some participants, but the other exposed body parts will do the back’s work just as well. 1.1.3 Leg a) Results 30% participants chose the exposed legs to be the most attractive photo. b) Discussion Legs are a large part of body. From the ancient times, long legs are considered to be beautiful and attractive; this norm has never been doubt. This norm is determined by the living state of ancient human. Archeologists find out that most unnatural death of ancient human was death caused by wounds of their back side of head, like a scratch or a bite. This finding indicates that the ancient human were living in dangerous environment and always need to run to escape from predictors. Long legs give a person the ability to run away from cruel and deadly attacks so long legs are even more important than strong body for a person to survive. In this case, it is no surprise that men tended to choose women with long legs and are attracted by exposed legs. Fig. 1. 1.2 How short is too short? 1.2.1 Background information In this part of experiment, the leg was chose to be the part for quantitative experiment because it is more measurable than upper front body and gains more importance in the qualitative experiment than the back. We put the model in the same scale and measured the length of the dresses. The result of the experiment was predicted that the shorter the dress is, the more attractive the picture will be to the participants. 1.2.2 Results The result of the experiment is consistent with the prediction. Among 180 participants, 81 of them chose the shortest dress to be the most attractive one, while only 6 of them chose the longest one. Fig. 2. Chapter 2: Color Fig. 3. Fig. 4. Fig. 5. 2.1 Colors with sexual implications 2.1.1 Heu The experiment find out that participants prefer women in warm tune than in cold tune. The woman in red dress is considered to be the most attractive women by most participants, nearly 40%. 2.1.2 Saturation The picture of the women who wears the second most saturated color dress is favored by most participants, which is 156 out of 180. 2.1.3 Brightness The differences in brightness did not cause obvious change in participants answer. 2.1.4 Discussion The men’s favor on warm color can be traced back to the barbarian time when the people still lived in the jungle. In the nature, very few plants are in warm color, while human body is always in warm color, so warm color is a kind of distinction between human and nature. When a man was searching for a woman in the field, he would subconsciously search for warm color. The favor in red is also explicable. Women use red as a signal to show that their bodies are ready to intercourse. During the flush of sexual interest, the blood capillary of the face, neck and upper chest burst and the blood in it creates the red color the others see. Also, red lip is the sigh of a healthy body condition, another attractive figure to men. The participants’ favor of the second most saturated color can be explained this way: the less saturate the color is, the less emotional message it coveys. The most saturated color sends out too many emotional message that makes it aggressive, while the less saturated color is too pale make the women unapproachable. Only the second most saturated color sends out mild message and makes people feel safe and touchable. 2.2 Colors that show weak characters 2.2.1 Heu No obvious tendency has been should. 2.2.2 Saturation The third most saturated color picture has been chose to be the â€Å"weakest† photo by 60% participants, and the second most saturated color picture had 30% votes. 2.2.3 Brightness The brightest color has been chose to be the â€Å"weakest† photo by 50% participants, and the least bright color also got 30% votes. 2.2.4 Discussion The colors saturation is highly related to its impact of people. The more saturated the color, the stronger information it sends out, which could be considered as aggressive, confident or willful. This kind of emotional massage, will make the woman dressed in it looks confident and tough, so even she is beautiful, the man that is attracted to her may still worry about potential revenge and flinch from harassing her. Bright color makes people feel safe and relax, and is more feminine than darker color. In the ancient times, men go out to hunt food, everything they saw are in dark and dirty color. Only after they come back to the cave, they can see bright color such as women and babies. As time passes, the bright color was related to safe, relax and effeminate concepts. Therefore, if a woman is dressed in bright color, she may sends out a message that says she is weak and fragile, so men may tease her. Chapter 3: Dressing style 3.1 Loose and tight 3.1.1 Background information The tightness experiment is essentially about whether the revealed body shape is more attractive to men or the covered body shape is more fancy stirring. The shape of the body plays an important role in mate choosing, so the hypothesis of the experiment is that the participants would favor the women in the tight dress instead of the women in the loose dress. 3.1.2 Results The result of the experiment is consistent with the prediction. More than 54% participants chose the tightly dressed women to be the more attractive one. Fig. 6. 3.2 Uniforms 3.2.1 Uniforms that promote men’s interest Ranking from high to low, the uniforms that promote men’s interest are: nurse uniform, stewardess uniform, doctor uniform, army uniform, police uniform and then cook uniform. 3.2.2 Uniforms that decrease men’s interest Ranking from high to low, the uniforms that decrease men’s interest are: army uniform, police uniform, cook uniform, doctor uniform, nurse uniform and then stewardess uniform. Fig. 7. 3.2.3 Discussion of the reason of the â€Å"uniform phenomenon† To analyze the experiment data as a whole, we can see that the traditional female job uniforms are much more welcomed than the male job uniforms. This phenomenon can be explained in the â€Å"observational learning† theory. A man living in the society will be able to see things every day; this step is called â€Å"observation†. Then, he will connect his observation result with definitions he already knew, so the symbol and the concept are related in this way. This step is called study. When a man sees a police uniform or a army uniform, the person wearing it is always a man, so this observational study experience make him connect these uniforms with the concept of men. This kind of observational study experiences occur repeatedly and strengthen the connection. So when this man sees a police uniform, it is normal that he is not attracted because he subconsciously related them to his same sex. Participants’ favor on the traditional female job uniforms can also be e xplained in this theory by in opposite direction. To analyze the data more specifically, we can see the least attractive uniform, the cook uniform, is not the most frustrating uniform. Instead, it is the third frustrating uniform. The reason may be that the cook uniform is too loose and hide the woman’s body, so the participants cannot see how attractive the woman really is, so the uniform is the least attractive one. However, as cook is a work that does not have very specific gender definition, men also did not find it very frustrating. On the contrary, the army uniform, especially the female version, revealed the woman’s body shape, so many participants found her beautiful, but as it is also related to male concept, it is still the most frustrating uniform according to the experiment. Conclusion This paper has discussed the relationship between the women clothing and the emotional response that men feedback. This study set an experiment to find out how different aspects including exposed skin, color, and style of women clothing can effect young adult men’s emotion, then analyzed the experiment result in psychological and social sectors. The study introduced a new method of experiment in this topic, and then showed the data in diagram. The discussing part analyzed the result both generally and specifically. The study dug deep into human nature to disclose the hidden features that affect men’s mentalities. The study showed that human nature decided that men are more interested in breast, long, exposed legs and warm color. The research in psychology showed how the three measurements of color, heu, brightness and saturation can affect a woman’s glamour and show different personality. The observational study theory in social psychology area explains how men’s tastes on uniforms are formed in a certain society. The study confirmed that the women’s clothing can be the cause of men’s sexual arousal, and may also be negative stimulus to men’s moral sense. These findings provide a base for further research on relationship between scantily cladding and sexual harassment. The study has some obvious limitations. Only 180 participants are concluded in the experiment, which make the sample not strong enough. The experiment may also be affected by the participants’ honesty, for example, the participants may be ashamed of telling the interviewers that their favorite women is the most exposed one, this kind of problem may make the data invalid. References [1] Nicolas Guà ©guen (2011) The Effect of Women’s Suggestive Clothing on Men’s Behavior and Judgment: a field study Psychological Reports, 2011, 109, 2, 635-638 [2] Nicolas Guà ©guen (2012) Color and Women Attractiveness: When Red Clothed Women Are Perceived to Have More Intense Sexual Intent The Journal of Social Psychology, 2012, 152(3), 261–265 [3] Anouk Festjens (2014) Women Too Respond to Sexual Cues by Taking More Risks Harvard Business Review April 2014 [4] Andrew J. Elliotà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’Tobias Greitemeyer, Adam D. Pazda (2013) Womens use of red clothing as a sexual signal in intersexual interaction Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 49 (2013) 599–602 [5] Valdez Patricia; Mehrabian Albert (1994) Effects of color on emotions Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Vol 123(4), Dec 1994, 394-409. [6] Arndt, William B.; Foehl, John C.; Good, F. Elaine (1985) Specific sexual fantasy themes: A multidimensional study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 48(2), Feb 1985, 472-480